The expression of EGFR and clinicopathological parameters in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are the most prevalent types of oral cancers. There are a variety of clinicopathological characteristics of these types. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an essential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic marker of OSCCs. The purpose of the research is to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR in OSCCs and to correlate its expression with clinical measures.
Materials and Methods: The present research included 44 histopathologically confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. EGFR expression was determined by using immunohistochemical technique. The spss program version (20.0) was used to correlate the expressions EGFR with the clinical and histopathological parameters.
Results: 25 (57%) were men, while 19 (43%) were women. Most lesions 14(31%) cases were on the buccal mucosa. The palate had the lowest incidence rate 3(6.8%) cases. The highest frequency of OSCC was in well-differentiated samples with 23 (52.3) cases. 15 (34.1%) instances had a poor EGFR score (+1), 17 (38.6%) cases had a moderate score (+2), and 8 (18.2%) had a high score (+3). Except for tumor grade (P = 0.001), none of the studied factors were correlated with EGFR expression.
Conclusion: EGFR has prognostic value and is a good target for therapeutic applications in these tumors. More research needs to be done to see if EGFR levels can be used as a marker of prognosis and a predictor of tumor recurrence in other ways.